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About 2,000 items are thought to have been stolen from the British Museum, but some of the missing treasures have started to be recovered, chairman George Osborne has confirmed.
The ex-chancellor told BBC Radio 4's Today programme "more could have been done" to address the thefts sooner.
A member of museum staff suspected of involvement has been sacked.
And Hartwig Fischer, the museum director, will step down after saying a 2021 investigation was mishandled.
The museum, one of the UK's most prestigious cultural institutions, has been under pressure since revealing earlier this month that a number of treasures were reported "missing, stolen or damaged".
The items involved dated from the 15th Century BC to the 19th Century AD and had been kept primarily for academic and research purposes, the museum previously said.
Mr Osborne - who was appointed as chair of the museum in June 2021 - told Today "we have already started to recover some of the stolen items".
"We believe we have been the victim of thefts over a long period of time and frankly more could have been done to prevent them," he said.
Asked why concerns raised in 2021 were not taken seriously, Mr Osborne said it was "possible" that "groupthink" among senior museum staff meant they "could not believe that there was an insider" stealing treasures.
He acknowledged that the incident has damaged the museum's reputation but said he was focused on "cleaning up the mess".