David Cameron threat over Yousaf's Erdogan meeting 'breach'

Foreign Secretary David Cameron has threatened to withdraw co-operation with Scottish ministers after Humza Yousaf met with Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

The first minister met the Turkish president at COP28 without a UK official present, which Lord Cameron said was a breach of protocol.

It comes amid ongoing tensions between Scotland and the UK government over meetings with foreign officials.

The BBC has approached the Scottish government for comment.

A UK government source told the BBC Lord Cameron wants to take a "harder line" approach than his predecessor James Cleverly.

The BBC has seen a letter which Lord Cameron, who returned to the cabinet as foreign secretary last month, has written to the SNP's External Affairs Secretary Angus Robertson.

In that letter, Lord Cameron said the Scottish government had assured the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) that it would give "sufficient advance notice" of the meeting with Mr Erdogan.

He said this was to allow one of his officials to attend the meeting and "was not done".

"The absence of an FCDO official at this meeting contravenes the protocols in our guidance on FCDO support to devolved government ministers' overseas visits," the letter reads.

"Any further breaches of the protocol of ministerial meetings have a FCDO official present will result in no further FCDO facilitation of meetings or logistical support.

"We will also need to consider the presence of Scottish government offices in UK government posts."

James Cleverly made a similar threat as foreign secretary after Mr Yousaf met the Icelandic prime minister in August, again without UK diplomats.

However a UK government source said this latest intervention represents and "escalation" over the issue and the foreign secretary wishes to take a "harder line" approach than Mr Cleverly.

On the meeting with President Erdogan, the special adviser said that Foreign Office officials were not told where it would take place "until it was too late".

The move "undermined UK foreign policy", they said.

They also added the FCDO guidance dates back to around April and made clear the UK government would expect an official to be present.

The meeting between Mr Yousaf and Mr Erdogan had already proven controversial within the first minister's party.

SNP councillor Roza Salih said she was "disgusted" by the meeting, as Turkey had stepped up attacks on Kurdish groups in Syria.

The Kurdish-born politician was elected in 2022 and became the first councillor to have moved to Scotland as a refugee.

The first minister posted on X, formerly Twitter, that he had discussed the climate crisis and the Israel-Gaza conflict with Mr Erdogan and the Lebanese prime minister during their meeting on 1 December.

He said he had called for an immediate ceasefire in the region. The BBC understands this contradiction of the UK government position has caused particular concern in the foreign office.

Mr Erdogan has taken a critical stance of Israel, accusing it of behaving like a "war criminal".

He made the comments while addressing thousands of demonstrators at a pro-Palestinian rally in Istanbul in October.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Israel has "the most moral army in the world".