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Workers at Tata Steel have been told that the company is taking steps to potentially cease operations at the plant by 7 July because of a strike by the trade union Unite.
The company had originally been planning to shut down one of the blast furnaces by the end of June and the second one by September.
But Port Talbot workers have been told that because of the strike from 8 July, the company can no longer be assured of sufficient resources being available to ensure safe and stable operations.
The Unite union said Tata's statement to shut or pause the blast furnaces three months earlier than intended was the latest in a long line of threats and it would not deter them.
The Welsh government said it cannot and will not support the closure of both blast furnaces.
Last week the Unite union announced that about 1,500 workers would begin an indefinite strike on 8 July over the company's plans to cut thousands of jobs.
About 2,800 Tata Steel workers will lose their jobs when the company closes both blast furnaces in Port Talbot by the end of September.
At the time, the company said if the strike affected the safety or stability of its operations it would be "forced" to accelerate closure plans.
A spokesperson for Tata said: "Following the announcement by Unite union to unilaterally call strike action from 8 July, Tata Steel is unfortunately forced to commence legal action to challenge the validity of Unite's ballot.
"In the coming days, if we cannot be certain that we are able to continue to safely and stably operate our assets through the period of strike action, we will not have any choice but to pause or stop heavy end operations [including both blast furnaces] on the Port Talbot site.
"That is not a decision we would take lightly, and we recognise that it would prove extremely costly and disruptive throughout the supply chain, but the safety of people on or around our sites will always take priority over everything else."
Tata said it is again calling on Unite to withdraw its industrial action and join Community and GMB unions in "giving consideration" to the companies proposal, which Tata said includes "generous employee support packages, training and skills development".
It said it "understands" the impact the restructuring will have on many employees and contractors, but that it "remains committed to a just transition" and hopes for a "long and sustainable future" in the UK.
Sharon Graham, the Unite general secretary, said Unite is "fighting for the future of the steel industry".
She said Unite has secured "serious investment" from Labour to safeguard jobs.
"Tata putting out a statement to shut or pause its blast furnaces three months earlier than they intended to is the latest in a long line of threats that won't deter us.
"The Unite campaign is not about selling jobs, it's about securing the long-term future of steel making in this country for thousands of workers in Port Talbot and South Wales."
Unite said it is calling on the "real decision makers" in Mumbai to realise that "the investment secured will be good for the company and workers."
GMB union said Tata must "step back" from this "irreversible decision" and instead "safeguard steel-making assets".
GMB national officer, Charlotte Brumpton-Childs, said that the upcoming general election could "change so much", and that GMB's next actions would be decided by its members.
First minister Vaughan Gething described the news from Tata as "extraordinary" and urged the company to wait for the result of next week's general election.
In a statement, Mr Gething said: "The news that Tata could switch off Blast Furnaces 4 and 5 at Port Talbot next week is extraordinary and will cause huge anxiety for the workforce, their families and the community.
"The Welsh government cannot and will not support the closure of both blast furnaces".
He added that acting whilst the nation went to the polls did not help de-escalate matters.
Samuel Kurtz, the Welsh Conservative shadow minister for economy and energy said it was "disappointing news that will cause additional distress to communities already dealing with enough as it is".
"Tata have shown no goodwill to their workforce at what is an anxious time.
“The Welsh Labour government have also only paid lip service to Tata's workforce, failing to contribute a penny to the transition board, and UK Labour's manifesto says nothing on what it would do differently to support Port Talbot's steelworkers," he added.
Luke Fletcher, Plaid Cymru's economy spokesperson, said steel should be brought under the control of the next UK government, which Plaid believes will be led by Sir Keir Starmer.
Mr Fletcher said: "The time has come now for an incoming Labour government to put words into action on steel.
"Save our steel is no good as just a slogan, if we are going to save our steel, nationalisation needs to happen on day one."
Town of Steel - BBC Wales Investigates
Watch the full programme on BBC iPlayer.